It's just like the other games, click LB to bring up the Weapons Wheel. RB is the Power Wheel. Doing that will toggle what weapon or biotic power you want.
I think I know what you're talking about...
If you have the rifle you don't like equipped and want to equip another rifle then the only way to do that is at a weapons terminal or in the Armory on the Normandy. You can't switch rifles in the middle of a mission by click start and going to equipment like the first game allows.