As others have stated, narrowing the past decade down to only a top ten is extremely difficult (especially limiting it to one album per artist), but I think this is fairly accurate:
(in no particular order)
Nine Inch Nails – Bad Witch (2018) / Add Violence (2017) / Not the Actual Events (2016) (since others have counted these as one album, I'm following suit)
Ghost – Meliora (2015)
Tool – Fear Inoculum (2019)
Dr. Dre – Compton (2015)
Queens of the Stone Age – …Like Clockwork (2013)
The Smashing Pumpkins – Oceania (2012)
Metallica – Hardwired… to Self-Destruct (2016)
Atmosphere – Southsiders (2014)
A Perfect Circle – Eat the Elephant (2018)
Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers – Hypnotic Eye (2014)
And I'm including my list of honorable mentions as well because why not.
Ghost – Prequelle (2018)
Prof – Pookie Baby (2018)
Atmosphere – Mi Vida Local (2018)
Alice in Chains – Rainier Fog (2018)
Queens of the Stone Age – Villains (2017)
Death From Above – Outrage! Is Now (2017)
Weezer – Weezer (White album) (2016)
Atmosphere – Fishing Blues (2016)
David Bowie – Blackstar (2016)
Prof - Liability (2015)
Puscifer – Money Shot (2015)
Baroness – Purple (2015)
Ben Folds – So There (2015)
Marilyn Manson – The Pale Emperor (2015)
Weezer – Everything Will Be Alright in the End (2014)
Royal Blood – Royal Blood (2014)
The Struts – Everybody Wants (2014)
Nine Inch Nails – Hesitation Marks (2013)
How to Destroy Angels – Welcome Oblivion (2013)
Ghost – Infestissumam (2013)
Eminem – The Marshall Mathers LP 2 (2013)
Daft Punk – Random Access Memories (2013)
Alice in Chains – The Devil Put Dinosaurs Here (2013)
Tenacious D – Rize of the Fenix (2012)
Trent Reznor & Atticus Ross – The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2011)
Prof – King Gampo (2011)
Atmosphere – The Family Sign (2011)
Cake – Showroom of Compassion (2011)
Trent Reznor & Atticus Ross – The Social Network (2010)
Eminem – Recovery (2010)